A brief review on bubble baby disease

Abstract

Bubble baby disease is scientifically known as Adenosine deaminase - Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (ADA-SCIDS) which is a rarely occurring disease predominantly in infants (one in a lakh population). The disease is initiated by a complete deficiency of the immune system where the infants cannot tolerate even minor infections or allergies. Further, it is mainly caused due to the mutation in the gene IL2RG located on the X chromosome of the parents. To date, there is no particular test to diagnosis this disease, and delay in diagnosing this disease may lead to the death of a particular infant. Furthermore, in recent times researchers are concentrating on developing a test method to diagnose the disease rapidly. The treatment options include bone marrow transplantation, gene therapy, and pharmacotherapy (Calcarea phosp tablets) with reckeweg treatment (natural immunity booster drops). Though therapies very effective in improving the health of infants they possess few drawbacks like keeping the babies in sterile and isolated conditions which are done by placing the baby in a bubble made up of plastic. This short communication will cover about the disease and treatment options available in the present scenario.