Prevalence and associated factors for microalbuminuria among newly Diagnosed Type II Diabetes Mellitus in a rural area in Tamil Nadu

Abstract

Diabetes is a global problem. The problem statement of diabetes and its complications globally accounts 6.6%, in India 9% in urban population and in TamilNadu it is around 10%.Diabetes is one of the most common non communicable diseases found in our country as well as globally because of urbanization. Currently, India leads the world with the largest number of diabetic subjects and this is expected to further rise in the coming years. Hence studies on diabetes related complications are essential to assess the burden of diabetes. To study the prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with newly diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus and to find out factors like age, sex, obesity, smoking, alcohol, hypertension and lipid parameters have any relationship with microalbuminuria. A cross sectional study was conducted at the outpatient diabetic clinic at Vinayaka Missions Medical College Hospital, Salem between May 2013 and August 2014. We selected 200 rural based newly diagnosed diabetic patients attending the diabetic clinic of our hospital. Early morning urine samples from all patients were collected in sterile urine containers. Then microalbuminuria levels were measured using A15 Biosystems analyzer, the method used was Immunoturbidometric assay. Among the 200 study population 58 of the newly diagnosed diabetic patients had microalbuminuria which shows the prevalence is 29%. Smoking and alcohol habits, high BMI, hypertension are the factors which showed a statistical significant association for the development of microalbuminuria among the newly diagnosed diabetic patients (P<.05). The fasting blood glucose, HbA1C and serum triglycerides are the laboratory parameters which showed statistical significant association with microalbuminuria P(<.05). Routine screening for urine albumin in all newly detected diabetic patients is necessary, which would help us in early detection and treatment and in such a way it reduces the burden of diabetic kidney disease in future.