AROMATHERAPY – A Review

Abstract

Aromatherapy is an ancient healing practice and it mainly derived from the plant source which gained significant attention in modern complementary medicine. Essential oils are commonly extracted from steam distillation, cold pressing, are used in various applications, like inhalation, topical massage, and diffusion, to exert physiological and psychological effects. Therefore, many studies have proved that essential oils are used for anxiety relief, pain management, stress reduction, and improve our sleep. The main mechanism of action of aromatherapy, it involves olfactory stimulation, where volatile compounds interact with the limbic system of the brain, influencing our mood, memory and hormone balance. Moreover, its growing popularity, aromatherapy is not without limitations. The efficacy of essential oils varies based on purity, concentration, and method of administration. Inconsistent standardization and potential adverse effects like skin irritation and allergic reactions, necessitate proper usage guidelines. Although there are many studies which support the therapeutic usage of aromatherapy, but clinical studies are required for dosage recommendation. It’s more important that aromatic oils are diluted with carrier oils, patch testing and consultation with healthcare professionals, are essential for ensuring effective and risk- free usage. Essential oils like lavender oil (Lavandula officinalis Chaix), peppermint oil (Mentha piperita Linn.) and eucalyptus oil (Eucalyptus globulus Labill) have anti- inflammatory, analgesic, and sedative properties. As a demand for natural and holistic therapies continues to rise, aromatherapy remains a promising complementary approach to health and wellness. Future research should focus on standardization, evidence- based application, and potential drug interactions to optimize the safe and effective use of aromatherapy.