A study on cancer and its drugs with their molecular structure and mechanism of action: A Review

Priyanka Sonker; Ashish Kumar Tewari; Shail Kumar Chaube; Ranjeet Kumar; Vishal Prasad Sharma; Akhilesh Sonker; Priyanka Yadav

Authors

Priyanka Sonker Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
Ashish Kumar Tewari Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
Shail Kumar Chaube Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
Ranjeet Kumar Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
Vishal Prasad Sharma Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
Akhilesh Sonker Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
Priyanka Yadav Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India

Keywords:

Apoptosis, Cytotoxicity, monoclonal antibodies, Thymidylatesynthase(TS), Dihydrofolatereductase (DHFR), Epigenetics, Deoxycytidine kinase, monoclonal antibodies, Causes, Symptoms,Therapy, Management

Abstract

Cancer is a fatal disease that severely effects the human population. For treatment of cancer there is lots of demand of anticancerous drugs which every new anticancer drug or combination is evaluated for safety and efficacy before being approved. Anticancer therapy have urged scientist to discover new agents. As a result of growing spectrum of new targets and strategies and recent biological and biotechnological progresses, the mechanism of action of many anticancer agents such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, epigenetic drugs, monoclonal antibodies have been reached to clinical trials. Addition to the traditional targets such as mitosis, DNA synthesis, repairing systems, tumor growth, apotosis tumor vasculature and cell signaling mechanism. Some other targets such as proteosome, heat shock protein ad epigenetics (HDACs, HATs, DNMT, PAD4, AID and Tet1) have been used to design as a new anticancer agent. In this review, recent approaches of the target based anticancer drug with molecular formula, molecular structure and mechanism of action have been highlighted to giving some examples from approved agents. In this review you can learn more about the known and possible causes of cancer, as well as general information about carcinogens and how genetics play a role in cancer.