Gemistocytic Glioblastoma: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal malignant primary brain tumor. It is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a group of diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma, representing up to 50% of all primary brain gliomas, and carries the poorest prognosis. Aberrant genetic events and signaling pathways have clearly demonstrated that GBM is highly anaplastic and a morphologically high heterogeneous tumor. Method: We report a single case of Gemistocytic glioblastomas, in which a 46year male, presented with features of raised intracranial pressure and rapid neurological deterioration. The imaging findings were suggestive of high grade malignancy involving the brain. Results: This was confirmed as Gemistocytic glioblastoma after surgical excision and histopathological examination. Gemistocytic cells are large astrocytes with plump processes and massive accumulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (gemistocyte). Their accumulation within astrocytoma may be due to BCL-2-mediated escape from apoptosis. Conclusion: In literature, exact incidence of these types of lesions is not known and it needs further evaluation. Understanding the genetic alterations, specific molecular biomarker and proliferative pathways may promote therapeutic development for the management of GBM.