Cycloartane Glycoside: A New Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor, from the Aerial part of Agriculture Waste of Watermelon

Abstract

4β,14α-dimethyl-5α-ergosta-9β,19-cyclo-24(31)-en-3β-O-glucopyranosyl-4α-carboxylic acid; a new cycloartane glucoside (10) and thirteen other  known compounds; chrysophanol (1), physicon (2), lupeol (3),  β-sitosterol (4), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (5), emodin (6), aloe-emodin (7), 22,23-dihydrospinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (8), succinic acid (9), gallic acid (11), 2-O-cinnamoyl-1-O-galloyl- β -D-glucopyranoside (12), chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glucoside (13) and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (14) were isolated from watermelon aerial part. The isolated compounds were identified using different spectroscopic techniques (1D and 2D-NMR, MS, UV and IR). Compounds were tested against human mammary cancer cell line (MCF-7) using in vitro Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Several compounds exhibit similar and/or better inhibitory activity than cisplatin. This is the first report for isolation of cycloartane glycoside and anthraquinones from the aerial part of watermelon.