Effects of partitioned extracts from hydro-ethanolic extract of Vitellaria paradoxa on glucose tolerance in rabbits

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The majority of people suffering from this disease rushed to the markets in search for medicinal plants for cure, this attitude are justified due to an exorbitant cost of pharmaceutical drugs. For example in this study, partitioned extracts from hydro-ethanolic extract of plant species Vitellaria paradoxa administered to rabbits have optimized the antidiabetic activity of the plant. A solvent Partitioning method of hydro-ethanolic extract was used to prepare six (6) extracts concentrated to 400 mg (the hexane aqueous extract, aqueous ethereal extract, dichloromethane extract, the aqueous dichloromethane extract, acetatic extract and aqueous acetatic extract). In addition, these extracts were subjected to a phytochemical screening for chemical compounds identification. For the pharmacological test, an oral injection of each extract to six (6) rabbit’s lots as well as distilled water to the control lot (a total number of 42) was used to evaluate the plants’ activity on blood glucose. The results of our experiment have shown, on one hand the hypoglycemic effect for aqueous ethereal extract, dichloromethane, aqueous dichloromethane extract and the aqueous acetatic extract. On the other hand an antihyperglycemic effect for acetatic extract (from +49.05 % to -11.32 %) and aqueous acetatic extract (from +14.63 % to 0 %). Of these two extracts, the effect of aqueous acetatic extract on glucose corresponds to the desired glucose tolerance model sought in animals. The aqueous acetatic extract is the most active partitioned extracts showing both hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity.