A prospective cross sectional observational study on prevalence of clinical manifestations and hormonal abnormalities associated with polycystic ovarian disease

https://doi.org/10.54037/WJPS.2021.91211

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian disorder (PCOD) is the most common hormonal disorder seen in females of reproductive worldwide.  From the very limited data, PCOD prevalence in India ranges from 3.7% to 22.5%. Polycystic Ovarian disease requires "control" rather than "cure", the treatment decisions depend on symptoms, age, whether or not the women want to become pregnant. Aim: To study the prevalence of clinical manifestations and hormonal abnormalities associated with PCOD. Methodology: This prospective observational study was carried out in gynaecology department of Mallareddy hospital, where subjects were enrolled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All 100 patients demographics were documented. The prevalence of clinical manifestations and hormonal abnormalities in all subjects were assessed. Results: Irregular menstruation was seen as the most common clinical manifestation and seen in maximum 66% of subjects, Hirsutism was seen in 35% of the cases followed by  acne   in 28% of cases , androgenic alopecia  in 22% of cases and  acanthosis nigricans in minority 7% of cases .When the subjects were assessed for hormonal abnormalities, 52% of the subjects showed decreased FSH, 48% of the subjects had increased LH, 9%  had decreased and 33 % had increased PRL,  38% showed increased Testosterone, 21% had decreased and 7% had increased T₃, T₄ levels. Conclusion:   Irregular menstruation was seen as the most common clinical manifestation followed by dermatologic manifestations – Hirsutism, Acne, Acanthosis nigricans and androgenic alopecia. Clinical manifestations diagnosis can lead to early treatment in these patients and  helps them  in relieving their symptoms and  improve quality of life.